Child Sexual Abuse in Kilpatrick, et al. (2003) This work in writing conducted an article review of the work of Kilpatrick, et al. (2003).

The article under review in this work in writing is that written by Kilpatrick, et al. (2003) entitled "Violence and Risk of PTSD, Major Depression, Substance Abuse / Dependence and Comorbidity: Results From the National Survey of Adolescents." This article reports a study involving 4,034 youth ages 12 to 17 years of age. Sample selection and interviewing are reported to have been conducted by "Schulman, Ronca and Eucuvalas, Inc." (Kilpatrick, et al., 2003) It is reported that a telephone interview that was highly structured in nature was designed for the purpose of collecting information "across several domains, including demographic and familial variables, trauma history and the three disorders: (1) PTSD; (2) MDE; and (3) SA/D. (Kilpatrick, et al., 2003)

Methods

It is reported by Kilpatrick et al. (2003) that race and ethnicity were used in risk and protective-factor variables and stated specifically is "For risk-factor analyses, four dummy-coded variables refer to each of the following participant groups: African-American, non-Hispanic (n _590, 15.1%); Native American, non-Hispanic (n _ 139, 3.6%); Asian-American, non-Hispanic (n _ 46, 1.2%); and Hispanic (n _ 311, 8.0%). Caucasian, non-Hispanic participants (n _...

Sexual Assault Defined
It is reported that sexual assault was defined as follows: "forced (a) vaginal or anal penetration by an object, finger, or penis; (b) oral sex; (c) touching of the respondent's breasts or genitalia; or (d) respondents' touching of another person's genitalia. Physical assault was defined as having been (a) attacked or threatened with a gun, knife, or some other weapon; (b) attacked by another person with perceived intent to kill or seriously injure; (c) beaten and injured (i.e., "hurt pretty badly") by another person; (d) spanked so forcefully that the respondent sustained welts or bruises, or required medical care; or (e) cut, burned, or tied up by a caregiver as a punitive consequence." (Kilpatrick, et al., 2003) Also included in the study was 'witnessed violence', which is largely self-explanatory Each adolescent was asked close-ended questions to ensure that the answers provided by the participants would not result in risk to the adolescent. The adolescents receiving a certification for having participated in the 'National Survey of Adolescents' and a check in the amount of $5.00.

IV. Prevalence and Comorbidity Reported

The study reports on the prevalence and comorbidity stating, "Overall, 15.5% of boys and 19.3% of girls had at least one of…